Majid Malekmohammadi; Seyed Hamid Khodadad Hosseini; Kambiz Heidarzadeh Hanzaee
Abstract
Abstract:Introduction: Startup businesses have a very high failure rate and various factors are involved in their failure at different stages of life, among which behavioral factors are more controllable and preventable. Behavioral models focus on understanding the behavior and decision-making processes ...
Read More
Abstract:Introduction: Startup businesses have a very high failure rate and various factors are involved in their failure at different stages of life, among which behavioral factors are more controllable and preventable. Behavioral models focus on understanding the behavior and decision-making processes of individuals in a startup business and how they can affect the risk of failure. Therefore, the main goal of this research was to contribute theoretically to reducing the failure rate by providing a startup life cycle model suitable for investigating the behavior, action and decisions of entrepreneurs.Methods: In this qualitative research, which was carried out using a meta-synthesis approach, the seven-step method of Sandelowski and Barroso (2007) was employed, in the first step of which the research framework was determined by posing questions, and in the second step, the main and secondary keywords and the string of search terms were set. And in the third step, a systematic review of Persian and English academic resources was conducted in domestic and foreign databases, journals and search engines, as well as valid business researches in the non-academic entrepreneurial ecosystem. 160 articles and sources with related titles, were selected and 33 articles and sources were screened based on the abstract, content and quality of the research method with the CASP method and with the logic of the Ghasemi flowchart. In the fourth step, the final process of identifying the codes and in the fifth step, content analysis was performed, and the categorization of the codes was done based on Ethride Sterling's levels and the resulting theme network was drawn with the help of MAXQDA software. In the sixth step, refining and finalizing the categorization of the codes was done with the help of six experts, who were selected by the snowball method, and Cohen's Kappa index was used to check the internal validity and internal reliability of the model.Findings: As a result of meta-synthesis, a behavior-oriented model was obtained, in which 6 Global Theme categories are the basis for differentiating stages, and below them are 14 Organizing Theme categories, including: 1- Idea and opportunity validation (idea and opportunity, opportunity validation), 2- Seed (vision and planning, establishment and preparation), 3- Business start-up (launch, customer validation, break-even point, stabilization and productivity), 4- Growth (primary growth, secondary growth), 5- Scale and maturity (scale/maturity /stability), 6- decline/revival. Also, the structural components of the model were explained based on the two selected behavioral theories using statements of risk, behavior, actions and strategies related to each stage of the life cycle and evolution of startup businesses with the help of experts.Conclusion: The explanation of behaviors and factors that lead to failure in the resulting model provides a comprehensive framework for failure risk analysis at each stage of a startup's life cycle. The analytical framework presented in this research can be considered as a basis for analyzing the startup business situation for entrepreneurs, investors and planners.
Hamid Khodadad Hoseini; Amir Mohammad Kolabi; Rosa Mehrabi
Abstract
Regarding the importance of entrepreneurial decision making process and due to the insufficiency of pervious research in considering qualitative aspects of the issue, this study aims to conceptualize entrepreneurial decision making process in small & medium size enterprises. For this purpose, the ...
Read More
Regarding the importance of entrepreneurial decision making process and due to the insufficiency of pervious research in considering qualitative aspects of the issue, this study aims to conceptualize entrepreneurial decision making process in small & medium size enterprises. For this purpose, the qualitative case study method was applied among Iranian prominent entrepreneurs in the year of 2009.The research findings suggest that entrepreneurial decision making process in small & medium size enterprises rely on guideline consist of; searching for information, recognition of the available and feasible decision alternatives, investigating and evaluating environmental factors affecting enterprises, evaluating the risks of each decision alternative, dealing with the problems & bottlenecks, regarding others suggestions, utilizing personal experiences, and relying on personal intuition & cognitive biases.
Hamid Khodadad Hosseini; Rohollah Sohrabi
Abstract
Today, technology is accounted as one of the most significant factors of economic and industrial development in the world. Countries use different ways and methods to facilitate technology transfer and transaction in local, national, international and global levels. Creating techno-mart as center of ...
Read More
Today, technology is accounted as one of the most significant factors of economic and industrial development in the world. Countries use different ways and methods to facilitate technology transfer and transaction in local, national, international and global levels. Creating techno-mart as center of technology transaction is one of the advanced mechanisms for the above purpose. In Iran, technology transfer and transaction do not follow a stable and coherent system. This weakness is the main cause of many problems for technology suppliers such as; elites, state organizations, and industrial sector especially small and medium size enterprises (SME's). In this paper technology transaction and transfer has been discussed and some cases of techno-mart in Europe and Asia have been reviewed. Then, survey research including interviews with experts from techno-mart and related fields experts (such as technology law, technology evaluation and marketing, supportive funds, etc.) were used to present a model of national techno-mart in Iran. In this model, mission and goals, different sections, ownership, internal process and techno-mart communications at national level along with necessary requirements for establishing a techno-mart environment have been described. It is derived from this study that other nations' experiences in dealing with requirements and primary infrastructures of techno-mart, is expected to lead policy makers towards a better decision making and planning.