نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت دولتی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران
2 استاد گروه مدیریت راهبردی دانشگاه عالی دفاع ملی
3 استادیار گروه مدیریت دولتی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران
چکیده
رهبری، رویکردی است در حوزه سازمان و مدیریت که به دلیل تنوع در برداشتها عمدتاً به گونه رهبر- محور ارائه شده و نقش پیروان و زمینه در معادله رهبری نادیده انگاشته شده است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، طراحی مدل رهبری متناسب با سازمانهای دولتی ایران است. این پژوهش به روش آمیخته انجام شده است. برای استخراج ابعاد و طراحی مدل از روش فراترکیب و مصاحبه با متخصصینموضوعی و برای آزمون مدل از روش مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری استفاده شده است. در بخش کیفی، مفاهیم مشترک و مرتبط با رهبری در سه حوزه رهبر، پیرو و زمینه از ادبیات نظری، تحقیقات پیشین و مطالعات بومی و اسلامی در سه مرحله تلخیص، مقولهبندی و موجب شناسایی ۳۲۰ مضمون پایه و ۲۰ مضمون ثانویه گردید. درنهایت ۲۰ مضمون شناسایی شده در سه دسته اصلی رهبر، پیرو و زمینه طبقهبندی گردید. پیش از فراترکیب، برای استخراج مضامین از مطالعات بومی و اسلامی از مزیت روش کیفی تحلیل محتوا استفاده شد. در بخش کمی فرضیههای پژوهش بر روی نمونهای شامل ۳۰۰ نفر از خبرگان سازمانهای دولتی کشور شامل سازمانهای دفاعی، فرهنگی اجتماعی و توزیعی بررسی شد. یافته‌های بخش کمی نشان داد، بُعد رهبر و بُعد پیرو به ترتیب با ضریب بتای ۰۹۶/۰ و ۰۹۴/۰ و بُعد زمینه با ضریب بتای ۰۸۲/۰ بر رهبری تأثیرگذار است. مفهومسازی سازه رهبری با مفاهیم رهبر، پیرو و زمینه بر اساس آموزههای دین اسلام نوآوری پژوهش محسوب میشود. نتایج پژوهش نشان میدهد با ملاحظه هم‌زمان هر سه سازه رهبر، پیرو و زمینه میتوان به حل پیچیدگیها و پویاییهای محیطی پرداخت.
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