Document Type : مقالات
Authors
1 M.A of Tarbiat Modares University
2 Assistant professor, Tarbiat Modares University
3 Associate professor, Tarbiat Modares University
Abstract
The environment in which organizations work is dynamic, complex and unconventional. Therefore, top managers seek for solutions to overcome these uncertainty and complexity by empowering their human resources through creation of a learning environment where employees are kept updated. Such investment in turn, is expected to contribute to organizational performance and eventually build bases for competitive advantage. This study investigates the relationship between organizational learning and empowerment. The objective of present article is to evaluate the relation between organizational learning and empowerment of Tarbiat Modares University's employees. For this purpose, two standard questionnaires in the field of learning and empowerment were used and the data were collected and analyzed to specify the aspects of organizational learning on empowerment. In this research, the statistical population includes 271 employees of Tarbiat Modares University holding at least a bachelor degree. A sample of 74 employees was randomly selected using kokran sampling plan. From 90 questionnaires distributed 89 questionnaires were returned, and data was analyzed using SPSS software version 15. The research results indicated a strong correlation between organizational learning and empowerment. According to the findings, although, aspects of empowerments (Competence, Self – Determination, Impact, Meaning and Trust in others) reasonably exist among the university employees, three aspects of organizational learning (Team work, Knowledge sharing, Partnership leadership) appears to be lower than standard. However four aspects of organizational learning including shared vision, organizational culture, system thinking, and development of staffs sufficiency , are higher than standard.
Keywords
contrasting overview of organizations in general and nursing in particular
– an examination of organizational factors, managerial behaviors, job
design and structural power, Journal of Empowerment in Organization v6 N
2.pp.29-50.
2- Argyris.Chris, (1999). Organizational learning (2th end), Blackwell
Publisgers Inc.
3- Baber, B. (1983). The logic and limits of trust. New Brunswich, N.J.:
Rutgers University Press.
4- Bennet. Alex and Bennet. David, (2008). The partnership between
organizational learning based on knowledge management.
5- Bennis, W and Nanus, B.(1985). Leaders: The strategics for taking charge.
New York: Harper and Row.
6- Blanchard. Ken and Carlos. John P and Randolph. Alan, (1999). The 3 keys
to empowerment. P: 58-59-65-93-116.
7- Conger, J. A., and Kanungo, R. n. (1988). The empowerment process.
Academy of Management Review 13:471-482.
8- Esmaeeli. Vajehe, (2006). Organizational learning based on creation a
learning organization, Journal of Knowledge Management,in Persian.
9- Gangne. Marylene and Deci. Edward L, (2005). Self- determination theory
and work motivation, Journal of Organizational Behavior Vol. 26, pp. 331-
362.
10- Gecas, V (1989). The social psychology of self- efficacy. Annual Review of
Sociology 15: 291-316.
11- Geus. A. Du (1997). The living company boston: Harward Business School
Press.
12- Ghahramani. Mohammad, (2006). Leading in learning organization, Journal
of Management and Development. N, 31, in Persian.
13- Greenberger, D.B.; Stasser, S.; Cmmings, L.L; and Dunham, R.B. (1989). The
impact of personal control on performance and satisfaction.
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 43:29-51.
14- Hornstein. Hennry, (2006). Empowerment as a way to facilitate change.
15- Huczynski. A and Buchanan. D, (2001). Organizational behavior, Fourth
Edition, Prentice Hall.
16- Lussier. R, (2002). Human relations in organizations, Fifth Edition,
McGraw-Hill companies. P: 308.
17- Mann Sue, (1999). “Give a little, gain a lot”. Professional Manager, Mar. P:
32.
18- Marquardt, M. (1996). Building the learning organization. New York:
McGraw- Hill. Marquardt, M., and Kearsley, G. (1999). Technology-based
learning. Boca Raton, FL: St. Lucie.
19- Marquardt. Michael, (1995). Building the global learning organization in
best practices in learning organizations: Measuring the Reality.
20- Mishra. A.K, (1992). Organizational response to crisis: The role of mutual
trust and top management teams. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Michigan.
21- Mishra. Aneil and Spreitzer, (1997). Gretchen m, survivor responses to
downsizing: the Mitigating Effect of Trust and empowerment, Southern
California Studies Center.
22- Nasr Esfehani. Ali, (2007). Empowerment mystery, Journal of Management
and Development Planing, (in Persian).
23- Neefe. Diane Osterhause, (2001). “Comparing levels of organizational
learning maturity of colleges and universities participating traditional
and non-traditional (academic quality improvement project)
accreditation processes”.
24- Otala. L, (2000). Oppimisen etu: Kilpailukykya muutoksessa, porvoo:
WSOY.
25- Paajanen. Petri and Kantola. Jussi, (2008). Ph.D, Applaying systems thinking
in the evaluation of oranizational learning and knowledge creation.
26- Rapport, J. (1984). Studies in empowerment: Introduction to the issue.
Prevention in Human Services, 3, 1-7.
27- Rue. L and Byars. L, (2003). Management, 10th edition, Mc Graw-Hill. P:
150
28- Ruohotie. P and Honka. J, (1997). Osaamisen kehittaminen organisaatiossa,
Seinajoki: Consulting team.
29- Ryan. Richard and Deci. Edward, (2000). Self- determination theory and
facilitation of intrinsic motivation, Social Development and Well- Being,
American Psychologist Vol .55 No. 1, pp68-78.
30- Sajedi. Fazllolah and Omidvary. Azam, (2007). Empowerment staff and
today organization. Journal of Tadbir, (in Persian).
31- Scott, C, and D, Jaffe, (1991). Empowerment, First Edition, crisp.
32- Senge. Peter, (1990). The Fifth Discipline: The art and practice of learning
organization. Doubleday Dell; New York.
33- Spritzer Gretchen and Kiziols Mark A, (1997). “A dimensional analysis of
the relationship between psychological empowerment and effectiveness,
satisfaction and starin”, Journal of Management, vol. 23, Issue. 5, p. 679-
682. Passim & , p. 480- 482, passim
34- Spritzer. Gretchen, (1995). “Psychological empowerment in the workplace:
Dimensions, Measurement and Validation, "The Academy of Management
Journal v38n5.pp1442-1465.
35- Stata. Ray, (1993). In David Garvin Building a learning organization,
Harvard Business Review Vol.71, Issue.4.
36- Thomas, K.W and Velthouse. B.A, (1990). Cognitive element of
empowerment: an interpretive modle of intrinsic task motivation.
Academy of management Review 15: 666-681.
37- Tubbs. S and Moss. S, (2000). Human communication, eighth edition,
McGraw-Hill. P: 421
38- Vecchio, R, (2000). Organizational behavior, fourth edition, Horcourt. P:
104
39- Vogt, J. F., and Murrell, K.L (1990). Empowerment in organizations. San
Diego: University Associates.
40- Whetten. David and Cameron. Kim, (1998). Developing management skills:
New York: Addison- Wesley, Wheelan, p: 51-55.
41- Whetten. David A and Cameron. Kim S, (2004). Developing management
skills. P: 51-53- 390.
42- Zhang. Li, Tian. Yezhuang, Zhongying Qi, A, (2009). A conceptual model of
organizational learning based on knowledge sharing, School of
Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, China.
43- Zimmerman, M.A (1990). Taking aim on empowerment research: On the
distinction between individual and psychological conception. American
Juornal of Community Psychology18: 169-177.
)
Send comment about this article