Document Type : Articles
Authors
Abstract
Government capacity and governance capacity are the new concepts in the literature of public administration and political science. Beside these concepts, there are other concepts that points at the capacity of institutions, and non-government organizations. Non-governance capacity has measured in such dimensions as the capacity of media, political parties, research institutions, pressure groups, private sector, and citizens. The innovative point in this article is the introduction of a model to recognize non- governance capacities in different countries. The study validates a conceptual model to measure the non-governance capacities in a quantitative approach, in which data is collected from different countries. Structural Equation Modeling was used to analyze the collected data. The results confirmed the validity of the conceptual model. In this model, the non-governance capacity measured by four subscales including; media capacity, research organizations capacity, citizen’s capacity and private sector capacity. For this measurement, data for 40 indicators from 159 countries were collected.
Keywords
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- UNDP, (2003). Thinking the unthinkable: from thought to policy. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
- Venessa, R. & Burul., U. (2007). The impact of state weakness on citizenship a case study of Kyrgyzstan. Communist and Post-Communist Studies , 40, 441-458.
- White, D. M. (1950). The gatekeeper: a case study in the selection of news. Journalism Quarterly, 27, 383-390.
- Wolfgang, D. (1995). Lopdogs, watchdogs and junkyard dogs. Media Studies Journal, 9(4), 17-30
- Ayyagari, M.; Beck, T., & Kunt, A. D. (2003). Small and medium enterprises across the globe: a new database. Washington, D. C.: world bank.
- Bovaird, T., & Löffler, E. (2003). Evaluating the quality of public governance: indicators, models and methodology. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 69, 313-328.
- Bovaird, T.; Löffler, E., & Parrado Diez, S. (2004). Evaluating the quality of local governance: some lessons from european experience. Portland, Oregon: Aspa.
- Boyte, H. C. (2005). Reframing democracy: governance, civic agency and politics. Public Administration Review, 65(5), 536-546.
- Brooks, M. P. (2002). Planning theory for paractitioners. Chicago: IL: planners Press.
- Conteh, C. (2007). Capacity and legitimacy in policy implementation. McMaster university.
- Creighton, J. (2005). The public participation handbook: making better decisions through citizen involvement. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Creswell, J. W. (2007). Educational research: planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (third edition ed.). prentice hal.
- Danaeifard, H.; Alvani, M., & Azar, A. (2008). The methodology of quantitative research in management: a comprehansive approach. Tehran: saafar publicationn. (in Persian)
- Diers, J. (2004). Neighbor power: building community the seattle way. Seattle: university of Washington press.
- Egypt human development report 2003. (2003). United nations development programme.
- Englebert, P. (2000). Pre-colonial institutions, post-colonial states, and economic development in tropical africa. Political Research Quarterly, 53(1), 7-36.
- Erick-Hans Klijn, K., & Koopenjan, J. F. (1997). Managing complex networks. strategies for the public sector. London, thousand Oaks and New Delhi: sage.
- Evan, P. B.; Rueschemeyer, D., & Skocpol, T. (1985). Bringing the state back in. Cambridge: Cambridge: university press.
- Fritz, V. (2005). State weakness in eastern europe: concept and causes. european university institute, Robert Schuman centre for advanced studies.
- Fukuyama, F. (2004). State building, governance and world order in the twenty-first century. London: profile books.
- Grande, E. (2001). The erosion of state capacity and the european innovation policy dilemma, a comparison of german and EU information technology policies. Vienna: institute for advanced studies.
- Grindle, S. M., & Hilderbrand, M. E. (1995). Building sustainable capacity in the public sector: what can be done? Public Administration and Development, 15, 441-463.
- Haggard, S. (1990). Pathways from the periphery: the politics of growth in the newly industrializing countries. Ithica: Cornell university press.
- Hashimoto, T.; Hell, S., & Nam, S.-W. (2005). Public policy research and training in Vietnam. Tokyo: asian development bank.
- Howlett, M. (2007). Policy analytical capacity as a source of policy failure. Annual meeting of the Canadian political science association. university of Saskatchewan.
- Ian, M. (2006). Democratization and state capacity in east and southeast Asia. Taiwan Journal of Democracy, 2(2), 69-92.
- Innes, J., & Booher, D. E. (2002). Collaborative planning as capacity building: changing the paradigm of governance. Association of European Schools of planning Conference.
- Logan, J. R., & Molotch, H. L. (2007). Urban fortunes: the political economy of place. Berkeley: university of California press.
- Makano, F. (2008). Does institutional capacit matter? university of Missouri-St.
- Maxwell, E. M., & Donald, L. S. (1972). The aganda setting function of the press. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36, 176-187.
- McGann, J. G. (2010). The global "go to think tanks". Philadelphia: university of Pennsylvania.
- McKay, D. (2005). Amarican politics and society. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Muco, M. (2001). Low state capacity in southeast european transition countries. Journal of Southeast European & Black Sea Studies, 1(1), 41-45.
- National Research Council, (2008). Public participation in environmental assessment and decision making. (T. Dietz, & P. C. Stern, Eds.) Washington, D. C.: the national academies press.
- Norris, P. (2009). Public sentinel: news media and governance reform. Washington, DC.: the world bank.
- Peterman, W. (2004). Advocacy vs. collaboration: comparing inclusionary community planning models. Community Development Journa , 39(3), 266-276.
- Peters, B. G. (1996). The policy capacity of government. . Research paper, No 18. Canadian center for management development.
- Polidano, C. (2000). Measuring public sector capacity. World Development, 28(5), 805-822.
- Rhodes, R. (1997). Understanding governance: policy networks, governance, reflexivity and accountability. Buckingham: open university press.
- Riddell, N. (2007). Policy research capacity in the federal Government. Ottawa: policy research Initiative.
- Roseland, M. (2005). Toward sustainable communities: resources for citizens and their governments. Canada: new society publishers.
- Sharifiyan, S. M. (2001). Citizen participation, urban management and urban lord. Unban Management Journal, 8(2). (in Persian)
- Simon, J. (2003). The Change of function of political parties at the turn of millenium. the institute of political and social science.
- Smith, N. C. (1989). Pressure groups: a management introduction. Management Decision, 27(5), 22-27.
- Soroka, S. N. (2003). Media, public opinion and foreign policy. Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 8, 27–48.
- Stone, D. (2004). Introduction: think tanks, policy advice and governance. In D.
- Stone, & D. Andrew, Think Tank Traditions, Policy Research and the Politics of Ideas (pp. 1-18). Manchester and New York: Manchester university press.
- Thunert, M. (1999). Think tanks als ressourcen der politikberatung, bundesdeutsche rahmenbedingungen und perspektiven. Forschungsjournal Neue Soziale Bewegungen, 12(3), 10-19.
- Trezzini, B. (2001). Institutional foundations of malaysia's state capacity. Asian Journal of Public Administration, 23(1), 33-63.
- UNDP, (2003). Thinking the unthinkable: from thought to policy. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
- Venessa, R. & Burul., U. (2007). The impact of state weakness on citizenship a case study of Kyrgyzstan. Communist and Post-Communist Studies , 40, 441-458.
- White, D. M. (1950). The gatekeeper: a case study in the selection of news. Journalism Quarterly, 27, 383-390.
- Wolfgang, D. (1995). Lopdogs, watchdogs and junkyard dogs. Media Studies Journal, 9(4), 17-30
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