نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد آموزش و بهسازی منابع انسانی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استاد دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 استادیار دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر مطالعه توسعه منابع انسانی مبتنی بر کارآفرینی سازمانی در سازمان‌های صنعتی و ارائه یک مدل پیشنهادی برای آن است. برای تحقق هدف پژوهش از رویکرد کیفی و روش تحقیق موردی بهره گرفته ‌شد. مطلعان کلیدی این پژوهش را کلیه مدیران شرکت‌های موردبررسی که در سِمت مدیریت، حداقل 5 سال سابقه کاری داشته و با توسعه منابع انسانی و کارآفرینی سازمانی آشنا باشند و نیز خبرگان دانشگاهی آشنا به توسعه منابع انسانی و کارآفرینی سازمانی تشکیل داده‌اند. درمجموع 23 نفر از این افراد به روش گلوله برفی شناسایی شدند. جهت گردآوری اطلاعات از مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته استفاده شد و اطلاعات کسب‌شده با روش تحلیل تفسیری مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته‌های پژوهش در 4 طبقه اصلی به دست آمد: 1) پیش‌نیازهای سازمانی رفتار کارآفرینانه؛ 2) فعال‌کننده‌های رفتار کارآفرینانه؛ 3) توسعه‌دهنده‌های رفتار کارآفرینانه؛ 4) تقویت‌کننده‌های رفتار کارآفرینانه. مبتنی بر این چهار عامل اصلی مدل توسعه منابع انسانی مبتنی بر کارآفرینی سازمانی در سازمان‌های صنعتی تدوین شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Human Resource Development based on Enterprise Entrepreneurship in Industrial Firms

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reyhane Shoghi 1
  • MohammadReza Ahanchian 2
  • Davood Ghorooneh 3

1 M. A., Department of Educational Management and Human Resource Development, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

2 Professor, Department of Educational Management and Human Resource Development, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Management and Human Resource Development, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

1- INTRODUCTION
Regarding market globalization and its increasing pressures, the organizations should develop a constant ability to meet the customers' needs and wants to survive. Different market needs arouse endless changes in the life-cycle, shape, quality, and price of products and services. This issue is especially important for industrial organizations that are generally established to generate revenue. In this situation and given such challenges as rapid obsolescence of goods and products, reduced life-cycle, and increased potential fluctuations, the question is what solutions the organizations need to achieve competitive advantage to survive.
2- THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
According to research evidence, entrepreneurship s one of the most important tools that can ensure the organizations' survival and help them solve their problems. organizational entrepreneurship is a process through which all the employees perform the role of an entrepreneur and perform individual and group activities continuously, quickly, and easily. many studies are conducted to examine the various factors affecting organizational entrepreneurship such as managerial support, organizational structure, culture, and communication, control and evaluation, human resource development, knowledge management, human resource subsystems, and so forth. meanwhile, human resource development is considered as one of the most important affecting factors of organizational entrepreneurship. human resource development is closely related to organizational entrepreneurship, meaning that organizational entrepreneurship includes organizational learning, performance enhancement through collaboration, creativity, and individual commitment. this study aims to propose a model for human resource development, at the individual and organizational level, based on organizational entrepreneurship in industrial organizations.
3- METHODOLOGY
This research is a case study based on a qualitative design. the required data were collected through in-depth interviews with several academic experts and senior and middle managers in the field of human resource development and organizational entrepreneurship of industrial companies located in khorasan razavi province. twenty-three persons were selected and interviewed to reach theoretical saturation.
4- RESULTS & DISCUSSION
Out of 23 interviews, 389 open codes, 21 concepts, and four components were identified as follows. prerequisites of human resource entrepreneurial behavior, the first component, includes entrepreneurial mindset, entrepreneurial organizational culture, internal and external organizational cognition, individuals' entrepreneurial characteristics, core competencies, entrepreneurial strategic vision, entrepreneurial strategic planning, entrepreneurial mission statement, and matrix organizational structure. the second component represents the activators of human resource entrepreneurial behavior, including organizational entrepreneurship-based rules and regulations, high-level organizational entrepreneurship-based expectations, clarity and transparency of organizational roles, and entrepreneurship-based performance appraisal. the third component i.e., the enhancers of human resources entrepreneurial behavior is comprised of human resource development strategies, organizational networking, knowledge management, talent management, and technological infrastructures. component four represents providing entrepreneurial behavior enhancers and includes the motivators, human resource subsystem strategies, and top management support. the obtained model of entrepreneurship-based human resource development includes seven steps as the following: 1) assessing the organizational prerequisites of entrepreneurial behavior, 2) defining the activators of entrepreneurial behavior, 3) presenting problem-based projects at the individual and organizational level, 4) determining the developmental requirements of the organization's human resources, 5) activating the developers of entrepreneurial behavior, 6) providing the boosters of entrepreneurial behavior, and 7) evaluating the results and performance at the individual and organizational levels.
5- CONCLUSIONS & SUGGESTIONS
The organization's tendency to be an entrepreneur organization has a positive effect on human resource development. if an organization wants to become an entrepreneur organization, it has to develop its human resource. according to research results, some implications are provided for human resource development as entrepreneurship-based strategies of industrial enterprises. the first is to transform the structure of the organization into a matrix structure because teams and workgroups are emphasized by organizational entrepreneurship. on the other hand, in any project, active employees are required to support each other's learning and to develop team members to achieve the project goal. the second strategy is to design an entrepreneurship-based performance appraisal system. in other words, employees should be evaluated based on entrepreneurial indices. in this regard, it is recommended to benchmark the world-renowned companies. the last strategy is to provide entrepreneur employees with specific opportunities for growth and development instead of providing them with specific content since entrepreneurs are self-developed individuals. organizations should consider this issue in their organizational training and development strategies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Entrepreneurial Approach
  • Enterprise Entrepreneurship
  • Human Resource Development
  • Industrial Firms
Ahanchian, M. (2009). Methodology Designing a system for evaluating therformance of employees in higher education institutions: the case of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Quarterly Journal of the Higher Education Association of Iran. 2(3), 56-15. (in Persian)
Ahmadi, P.; Naiji, M. J., & Babashahi, J. (2012). Human resource subsystems and organizational entrepreneurship. Quarterly Journal of Human Resource Management Research. 2(1), 26-1. (in Persian)
Alayo, M.; Maseda, A.; Iturralde, T., & Arzubiaga, U. (2019). Internationalization and entrepreneurial orientation of family SMEs. International Business Review, 28, 48-59.
Alwani, M.; Kohan Hooshnejad, R.; Safari, S., & Khodamradi, S. (2013). Identifying and prioritizing the factors that affect the implementation of organizational entrepreneurship dimensions by explaining the role of institutionalization of entrepreneurship. Journal of Management Studies (Improvement and Transformation. 20 (70), 24-1. (in Persian)
Amiran, H.; Ghaffari, M., & Sheikh, A. (2012). Manage and measure organizational performance from idea to implementation. Amiran Publications. Tehran. (in Persian)
Arghand, Z.; Rashnoodi, A., & Rahmati, E. (2017) Intra-organizational entrepreneurship. Aftab Giti Publishing Cultural Institute. Tehran. (in Persian).
Babashahi, J.; Gholamshahi, E., & Fakhar Ardakani, M. (2013). The Impact of innovative human resource management strategies on organizational entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Development Quarterly. 6(3) 411-393. (in Persian)
Balan, P., & Lindsay, N. (2010). Innovation capability, entrepreneurial orientation and performance in australian hotels: an empirical study. Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable Tourism
Beigi Nia, A.; Safari, S., & Mohammadi, M. (2010). Investigating the effect of type of need on employee willingness to organizational entrepreneurship. Journal of Management and Human Resources in the Oil Industry, 4(13), 36-7. (in Persian)
Beiranvand, M. (2015). The effect of authentic leadership style on organizational entrepreneurship, Master thesis in entrepreneurship management, Allame tabatabaee university. (in Persian)
Carrier, C. (1996). Intrapreneurship in small businesses: an exploratory.
Davari, A., & Shahbaz Moradi, S. (2013). Identify the impact of entrepreneurial orientation and organizational factors on business performance. Entrepreneurship Development Magazine. 6 (3), 143-125. (in Persian)
Dess, G. G.; Lumpkin, G. T., & McGee, J. E. (1999). Linking Corporate entrepreneurship to strategy, structure, and process: suggested research directions. Journal of Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 23(3), 85-102.
Dianti, M., & Erfani, M. (2009). Competence; concepts and applications. Tadbir Magazine.206, 19-14. (in Persian)
Dianti, R., & Zare Zeidi, A. (2017). The role of human resource management in strengthening organizational entrepreneurship. Journal of Applied Studies in Management and Development Sciences, 2(4), 1-12. (in Persian)
Etedali shahni, M. (2014). Investigating the effect of organizational entrepreneurship approach on the development of oil product exports and providing solutions. master's thesis. entrepreneurship management group. faculty of management. islamic azad university, central Tehran branch. (in Persian)
Farhadi Mahalli, A.; Sadegh Nahvi, M. H., & Farhadi Mahali, A. (2015). The effect of knowledge management on organizational entrepreneurship in the gas industry. the second international conference on management and information and communication technology. (in Persian)
Farhadi Mahalli, A.; Sadegh Nahvi, MH., & Farhadi Mahalili, A. (2016). The impact of knowledge management on organizational entrepreneurship in the gas industry. second international conference on management and information and communication technology. month of Mordad. (in Persian)
Farhangi, A., & Safarzadeh, H. (2004). Organizational communication theories. tehran. rasa publications. (in Persian)
Farsijani, H.; Akhavan Kharazian, M., & Shahbazi, MM. (2014). The role of organizational culture dimensions in the emergence of entrepreneurial behavior. Public management perspective. 20, 97-73. (in Persian)
Gall, M.; Borg, W., & Gall, J. (2007). Quantitative and qualitative research methods in educational sciences and psychology. Translation: Ahmad Reza Nasr, Hamid Reza Arizi, Mahmoud Abolghasemi, Khosrow Bagheri, Mohammad Hossein Alamsaz, Mohammad Jafar Pakseresht, Ali Delavar, Alireza Kia Manesh, Gholamreza Khoinejad. Tehran: Samt.
Gholamzadeh, D., & Jalali, S. (2012). Develop a human resource strategy using the theory of strategic reference points. State Management Quarterly. 4(10), 152-137. (in Persian)
Gol Mohammadi, M. (2016). Investigating the relationship between organizational factors of knowledge management and organizational entrepreneurship in the National Iranian Oil Company. Masters. Faculty of Management. Islamic Azad University Tehran Branch. (in Persian)
Gol Mohammadi, M. (2016). Investigation on relation between organizational factors of know how management with organizational entrepr eneur,In National Iranian Oil Company. M. A"Thesis, ISLAMIC AZAD UNIVERSITY Central Tehran BranchFaculty of Management. (in Persian)
Gold, A.; Gronewold, U., & Pott, C. (2012). The ISA 700 Auditor's Report and the audit expectation gap-Do Explanations Matter? International Journal of Auditing, forthcoming, 16(3), 286-307.
Golmohammadi, M. (2016). Investigating the relationship between organizational factors of knowledge management and organizational entrepreneurship in national iranian Oil Company. Masters. faculty of management. Islamic Azad University Tehran Branch. (in Persian)
Gordon, L.; Ke, R., & Wai Wai, K. (2018), Promoting employee entrepreneurial attitudes: an investigation of chinese state-owned enterprises. The International Journal of Human Resource Management,17(1),7-22.
Hassani Jalalabadi, S. (2015). Human resource development models. Quarterly Journal of Management and Accounting Studies. 2(4), 232-228. (in Persian)
Hisrich, R., & Peters, M P. (2004). Translation, Feyzbakhsh, Seyed Alireza and Taghi Yari, Hamidreza, Entrepreneurship, Tehran, Sharif University Press.
Hosseini Gol Afshani, SM., & Samadzadeh, M. (2018). The Impact of information technology infrastructure on the development of entrepreneurship in cyberspace - a case study of carno software. Sociology of Education, 6(2), 140-126. (in Persian)
 Hosseini, M.; Jokar, A.; Rahmani, Z., & Keshavarz, A. (2017). Develop and explain the model of improving the company's performance based on the effective components of intellectual capital and organizational entrepreneurship. Journal of Tomorrow Management. 16 (53), 302-283. (in Persian)
Hosseinloo, H., & Azizi, M. (2020). The Outcomes of entrepreneurial coaching in small and medium businesses. Journal of Entrepreunership Development. 13(3),341-359. (in Persian)
Imani, A.; Salazehi, H., & Sayedi, f. (2016). Identifying and prioritizing the affective factors of institutionalizations dimensions executive organizational entrepreneurship (a study: the city of bam automobiles factory kerman motor company). Public management researches. 6 (31),123-144. (in Persian)
Ireland, R. D., & Webb, J. W. (2007b). Strategic entrepreneurship: creating competitive advantage through streams of innovation. BusinessHorizons, 50 (1), 49–59.
Jazani, N.; Taheri, N., & Abili, K. (2010). Developing human resource development strategies with the organization's cognitive Friday approach. Quarterly Journal of Human Resource Management Research, Imam Hossein University, 1(3), 80-51. (in Persian)
Karam Zadeh, M. (2016). Provide a model for talent and talent management in human resources development organizations (case study of industry and trade organizations khuzestan province). a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in management MBA. ministry of science, research and technologyimam khomeini international university. (in Persian)
Karamzadeh, M. (2016). Provide a model for talent identification and talent management in organizations' human resource development. masters. faculty of social sciences. Imam Khomeini International University. (in Persian)
Khademi, M. (2016). Evaluating the effect of knowledge management on the development of organizational entrepreneurship. Masters. School of Social Sciences, Department of Entrepreneurship Management. Razi University. (in Persian)
Koushki, A.; Budlaei, H., & Narimani, M. (2009). Organizational characteristics and their impact on organizational entrepreneurship. Journal of Management and Human Resources in the Oil Industry. 4(13), 129-113. (in Persian)
LEE, L., & Wang, J. (2017). Developing entrepreneurial resilience: implications for human resource development. European Journal of Training and Development, 41(6), 519-539.
Malekzadeh, Gh., & Rahnama, N. (2016). Entrepreneurship and its relationship to innovation. 2nd International conference on management and information and communication technology. (in Persian)
Maneshgar, M., & Abbasi, A. (2016). Pathology and managers' strategies for supporting the growth and development of human resources. Quarterly Journal of Human Resource Education and Development. 3(8), 56-29. (in Persian)
Masoudi, M., & Ostovar, R. (2014). The relationship between ambiguity and role conflict and job performance. Scientific-promotional monthly for oil and gas exploration and production. 116, 16-8. (in Persian)
Meymandi, T. (2016). The effect of emotional intelligence on organizational entrepreneurship and market orientation in Kaleh Amol company. masters. school of strategic orientation management. islamic azad university Tehran branch. (in Persian)
Mirkamali, SM., & Farhadi Rad, H. (2013). Research in the organizational structures of the university in order to provide a combined model. scientific-research quarterly. Journal of Educational Management Research. 5(1), 100-75. (in Persian)
Nadler, L., & Nadler, Z. (1989). Developing human resource, erd, jossey- Bass, London.
Otoo, K.; Mridula, M., & Frank, N. (2018). Influence of human resource development (HRD) practices on hotel industry’s performance. Influence of human resource development, 42, 435-454.
Pinchot, G., & Pelman, R. (1985). Intrapreneuring: why you don't have to leave the corporation to become an entrepreneur. Berrett-Koehler: san francisco.
Pourhashem, SJ. (2018). An Analysis of human resource management programs and strategies in human resource development, 7th international conference on accounting and management, July.
Rashki, M.; Salarzehi, H., & Kamalian, A. (2017). Designing an entrepreneurial talent management model for students of higher education institutions in the country with a data-based approach. Entrepreneurship Development Quarterly,10(4). 614-595. (in Persian)
Rasouli, M. (2009). Investigation of organizational entrepreneurship barriers in mazandaran regional electricity company, M.Sc. Thesis, faculty of social sciences and economics, Payame Noor University of Mazandaran. (in Persian)
Rui, A. (2014). Analysis of Gree Electric Appliances talent management model, international. Journal of Business and Social Science, 5, 1-7.
Sadoughi, M. (2008). Cretria of evaluating qualitatlve research methodology of social sciences and humanitles. 55-72. (in Persian)
Sakhdari, K. (2015). Networking capabilities and corporate entrepreneurial performance: explaining the role of organizational strategic orientation (case study: iranian suppliers of products and services to the mining section). Journal of Entrepreneurship development, 8(1), 159-174. (in Persian)
Salarian, M., & Kiakjouri, D. (2015). Investigating the relationship between knowledge management and organizational entrepreneurship (case study: general administration of ports and maritime affairs of mazandaran province). Maritime transport industry. 1(2). 73-65. (in Persian)
Salimi, M. (2013). The impact of transformational leadership on human resource development. Masters. faculty of management and accounting. allameh tabatabaei university. (in Persian)
Seyed Javadin, SR. (2007). Fundamentals of organization and management. negah danesh publications. Tehran. (in Persian)
Shaban, F., & Yousefi, A. (2015). Investigating strategic influential factors in promoting the improvement of organizational performance of manufacturing companies through entrepreneurship (case study: Guilan province). international conference on management economics and social Sciences. (in Persian)
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (2014). Basics of qualitative research techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. USA: San Jose State University.
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (2006). Basic theory. translation: buick mohammadi. tehran: institute of humanities and cultural studies.
Tahmasebi, N. (2012). An application of neural network models to solve organizational problems of capital portfolio optimization. master thesis, faculty of mathematics, shahroud university of technology. (in Persian)
Tonke Nejad, Mandani (2012). A model for strategic human resource development, based on the capability model. ph.d thesis, faculty of management and accounting, allameh tabatabai university. (in Persian).
Wang, C. L. (2008). Entrepreneurial orientation, learning orientation, and firm performance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 32(4), 635-656.
Yousefi, M. (2016). Investigating the relationship between organizational structure and organizational entrepreneurship in sarcheshmeh copper complex. masters. faculty of management and economics. kerman shahid bahonar university. (in Persian)
Yousefi, M. (2016). Study the Relationship between organizational structure and institutional entrepreneurship in sarcheshmeh copper complex. a thesis submitted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in management. faculty of management and economics department of management. shahid bahonar university of kerman. (in Persian)
Zakai, M. S. (2002). Theory and method in qualitative research. Social Science Quarterly. 9(17), 71-40. (in Persian)
Zand, F. (2016). Investigating the relationship between dimensions of organizational entrepreneurship and knowledge management. the second international conference on management, accounting and economics. (in Persian)
Zehir, C.; Ertosun, O. G., & Muceldilli, B. (2012). Total quality management paractices effects on quality performance and innovative performance. Procedia- social Behavioral sciences, 41, 473-480.
CAPTCHA Image