ارائه مدل رفتارمحور چرخه عمر نوآفرین به روش فراترکیب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه کارآفرینی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده
عوامل متنوعی در شکست کسب‌وکارهای نوآفرین فناورانه (استارتاپ) با نرخ شکست بسیار بالا در مراحل مختلف زندگی دخیل­اند. هدف اصلی این پژوهش مشارکت نظری در کاهش نرخ شکست با ارائه یک مدل چرخه عمر مناسب برای بررسی رفتار، اقدامات و تصمیمات نوآفرین است که به روش فراترکیب با الگوی هفت مرحله‌ای سندلوسکی و باروسو انجام شد. محققین در مرحله جستجوی نظام‌مند، با بررسی طیف وسیعی از منابع پایگاه‌های داده و ژورنال‌های مختلف داخلی و خارجی بین سال‌های 1980 تا 2024 ، 160 مقاله و منبع مرتبط را شناسایی نمودند و با استفاده از برنامه CASP، 33 مقاله و منبع کاملاً مناسب برای تحلیل انتخاب شدند. با تحلیل مضمون مراحل چرخه عمر در مدل‌های مختلف، کدها و مضامین لازم برای مقوله‌بندی و طرح‌ریزی مدل تلفیقی به‌دست آمد و شبکه مضامین حاصله با کمک نرم‌افزار مکس کیودا ترسیم گردید. برای بررسی روایی درونی و پایایی درونی مقوله‌بندی‌ها از ارزیابی شش تن از خبرگان و شاخص کاپای کوهن استفاده شد. مقدار این شاخص در روایی برابر 671/0 و برای پایایی 635/0 محاسبه شد که رقم قابل قبولی است. خبرگان به روش گلوله برفی انتخاب و درنهایت یک مدل رفتارمحور حاصل شد که شامل 6 مقوله تِم فراگیر بوده و ذیل آن‌ها 14 مقوله تِم سازمان دهنده قرار دارد. مؤلفه‌های ساختارمند مدل بر اساس دو نظریه رفتارمحور منتخب در ادبیات، تبیین و با کمک خبرگان به تفکیک مراحل، تحلیل گردید که می‌تواند به‌عنوان ابزار تحلیلی برای درک بهتر مراحل تکاملی نوآفرین و شناسایی چالش‌های موجود در هر مرحله از چرخه عمر نوآفرین استفاده شود.

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  • تاریخ دریافت 29 مهر 1403
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